Basic Corrections Officer: Certification Study Guide

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Which Major Mood Disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania?

  1. Major Depression

  2. Bipolar Disorder

  3. Cyclothymia

  4. Panic Disorder

The correct answer is: Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar Disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania, making it distinct among mood disorders. In this condition, individuals experience episodes of extreme elation, known as mania or hypomania, as well as episodes of deep depression. These mood swings can vary in intensity and duration, resulting in significant impacts on a person's daily functioning, relationships, and overall well-being. In contrast, Major Depression involves persistent feelings of sadness or loss of interest without manic episodes. Cyclothymia encompasses milder forms of mood swings but lacks the severe highs and lows typical of Bipolar Disorder. Panic Disorder is primarily characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear or discomfort but does not specifically involve mood fluctuations. The clear definition of Bipolar Disorder as involving both depressive and manic phases makes it the correct choice for this question.